Internal combustion engine



Feb. 18, 1941. s. e. WARWAR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 18,1939 2 Sheets- Sheet 1 .-Warwar Feb. 18, 1941. s w w 2,232,419

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 18, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 75 1 inkJ9 Zhwentor 41 j SILNZCZQII/ Wkrwar (lttomegs.

Patented Feb. 18, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and moreparticularly to a means whereby kerosene may be used and burned in aninternal combustion engine.

5 At the present time in the operation of certain internal combustionengines kerosene is used as a combustible fuel, but in the use of thisfuel it is necessary to provide an auxiliary jet or carburetor wherebygasoline may be initially used so as to heat up the engine to the pointwhere the kerosene will readily vaporize. It is, therefore, an object ofthis invention to provide a means whereby kerosene may be used duringthe entire operation of the engine, making it unnecessary to switch fromone jet or carburetor to another while the engine is in operation.

Another object of this invention is to provide a structure which may beused with the present parts of a motor vehicle or internal combustionengine, it being only necessary that the carburetor at present in use beadjusted to take care of the heavier fuel or replaced.

A further object of this invention is to provide a structure of thiskind wherein the fuel is discharged into a. relatively small receptaclein which the fuel is heated to the desired degree and then periodicallydischarged into an auxiliary tank positioned relatively close to theengine, the fuel flowing by gravity from the auxiliary tank to thecarburetor.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a structure ofthis kind including an auxiliary battery which is used to provide heatfor the heating tank, so that the fuel may be heated before the startingof the engine in order that the fuel will be of the proper temperatureto vaporize.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention will be morefully described herein- 4 after, and will be more particularly pointedout in the claims appended hereto. 1

In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or correspondingparts throughout the several views,

45 Figure 1 is a detail side elevation of a motor vehicle chassis havinga device constructed according to the embodiment of this inventionassociated therewith.

Figure 2 is a top plan of the vehicle.

50 Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevation of the engine,that portion of the invention adjacent the engine being partly brokenaway and in section.

Figure 4 is an enlarged vertical section of the V 55 fuel heating means.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral i0 designates a motor vehicleframe structure having wheels II, a radiator i2, hood l3, and adashboard An engine E is mounted beneath the hood l3 between theradiator l2 and-the dash- 5 board H. The engine E is provided with anintake manifold l5 to which a carburetor i6 is connected. A fuel pump i1is associated with the carburetor l6, and the pump I1 is connected tothe intake manifold [5 by means of a suction 10 pipe i8. While a suctionoperated pump i1 is here shown, it will be understood that amechanically operated pump may be used in place of the pump ii.

The hereinbefore described structure is con 5 ventional and is hereshown as one type of internal combustion engine structure with which thehereinafter described invention may be associated.

A main fuel tank i9 is disposed at the rear of 20 the frame l0 and isprovided with the usual filler neck 20. The tank i9 is connected to thesuction pump I! by means of a pipe 2i which has its intake end disposedclosely adjacent the bottom of the tank 13, as shown at 22. A fuelheating 25 tank, generally designated as 23, is supported on brackets 26which are secured to the upper portion of the dashboard H by fasteningdevices 25.

The fuel heating member 23 comprises a cylindrical body 26 having aconcave bottom wall 21, 30 and a closure 28 provided with marginalflanges 23 and an air vent 30 engages the upper end of the body 26. Aheating element 3i engages about the body 26, and the heating element 3iis constructed in the form of an electrical heating ele- 35 ment or coilwhich contacts with the cylindrical body 26. An outer Jacket 32 engagesabout the heating element 3i and is preferably formed of insulation soas to retain the heat from the element about the body 26.

An auxiliary fuel tank 33 is disposed below the heating member 23, beingsupported on bracket means 34 secured by fastening devices 35 to thedashboard ll. The tank 33 comprises a cylindrical body 36 provided witha concave bottom 31 and a closure or top wall 38 having marginal flange33. The tank 33 is surrounded by a heat insulating jacket so that whenthe heated fuel is discharged thereinto from the heating member 23 thefuel will not readily dissipate its heat.

The tank 33 is connected to the heating member 23 by means of a pipe Iwhich at one end is connected to the bottom wall 21 of the heatingmember 23, and at the other end is connected to the lid or closure 38.The outlet or discharge side of the pump I1 is connected to the heatingmember 23 by means of a pipe 42. The pipe 42 isconnected to a valvehousing 43 which is secured to the underside of the closure 28, as shownin Fig. 4, and a valve plug 44 is movable in the housing 43. The housing43 is provided with an outlet port 45 discharging into the interior ofthe heating member 23, and an arm 46 is carried by the plug 44.

A buoyant member or float 41 is disposed within the heating member 23,being secured to a rock lever or rod 48. The lever 48 is rockablymounted on a shaft 49 which is journalled in a bearing structure 50fixed to the inside of the body 26 adajcent the lower end thereof. Anarm 5| is also fixed to the shaft 49 and is provided with an eye 52. Thearm 5|, as shown in Fig. 4 is disposed on an obtuse angle to the lengthof the rod or lever 48, and a link 53 connects the eye 52 with the plugarm 46 so that vertical rocking of the lever or rod 48 under the actionof the buoyant member or float 41 will move the plug 44 to either a.closed or open position.

A cylindrical bushing or boss 54 provided with a bottom flange 55 issecured to the concave bottom 21 within the heating member 23 and inaxial alinementwith the pipe 4|. The flange 55 is provided with a valveseat 56, and the bushin or boss 54 is provided with fluid passages 51which communicate the heating member 23 with the pipe 4|. The bushing orboss 54 is provided with a relatively large bore 58 within which a valveplug or member 59 is adapted to engage. The valve plug or member 59 whenin port closing position is adapted to engage on the seat 55 so as tothereby cut ofi the flow of fuel from the tank or heating member 23 tothe auxiliary thermal tank 33.

The upper or inner end of the bushing or boss 54 has a cap 60 threadedthereonto, and the. cap 60 is provided with a central bore 6| throughwhich a valve stem 62 slidably engages. The valve stem 62 is secured tothe valve plug 59 and extends vertically and axially within the body 26.The stem 62 adjacent the upper end thereof is provided with a notch 53,and a second notch 54 is disposed adjacent the lower end of the stem 62,being positioned diametrically opposite from the notch 63. The lever 48has a valve lifting dog 65 secured thereto by means of a pivotal member68, and a relatively light spring 51 is carried by the lever 48 andengages the dog 65 so as to constantly urge the dog 55 toward the stem52.

A valve holding dog 61 is rockably mounted on cars 68 carried by the cap60, and an arm 59 is formed with the dog 61 and extends laterally of thecap 60. A spring 10 is carried by the cap 60 and engages the arm 69 soas to constantly urge the dog 61 toward the stem 62. The lever 48 isprovided with a laterally projecting dog releasing pin 1| which when thefloat 41 is in the lowermost position is adapted to engage the arm 69 soas-to rock the dog 61 to a released position and permit the valve member59 to drop downwardly to a port closing position. At the time that thefloat 41 is in its lowermost position, the valve plug 44 is moved to anopen position by means of the arm 5|, link 53 and arm 45, so that thefuel will be discharged into the heating member 23.

The heating member 23 has the element 3| thereof energized by means of abattery 12 which is suitably mounted on the frame l0, and this battery12 may be in addition to the usual battery 13 which is used in thenormal operation of the motor vehicle. The battery 12 is connected tothe heating element 3| by means of a wire 14, and a switch 15 isinterposed in the wire 14 so that the heating element 3| may beenergized independent of the operation of the motor vehicle. The battery13 may also be connected to the switch 15 by means of a wire 15 so thatwhen desired or necessary the battery 13 may be used to energize theheating element 3|.

In the use and operation of the motor vehicle embodying this invention,the switch 15 is initially operated to close the electric circuit to theheating element 3|. It will be understood that one side of the heatingelement 3| is connected to the frame Ill, and that one side of thebattery is grounded to the frame I0, so that in practice only one wireis necessary to connect the heating element 3| with the battery 12 orthe battery 13. The engine E may be initially turned over with the usualstarter so as to effect operation of the pump I1 and cause a quantity offuel to be drawn from the supply tank I!) through the pipe 2| and pipe42 and discharged into the heating member 23. Assuming that the heatingmember 23 is initially empty, and that the float 41 is in the positionshown in full lines in Fig. 4, the'valve plug 44 will be held in an openposition permitting the fuel to be freely discharged into the heatingmember 23. At this time the valve plug 59 will be engaged with the seat55 so as to cut of! flow of the furl through the pipe 4| to theauxiliary thermal tank 33. The switch 15 may now be closed so as toenergize the heating element 3| and thus heat up the fuel in the heatingmember 23.

The size of the heating member 23 is substantially smaller than theauxiliary thermal tank 33 so that only a relatively small amount of fuelwill soon fill this member. As the float 41 rises in the heating member23 the lifting dog 65 will engage in the notch 63 of the stem 52 andthus lift the valve 59 to an open position. When the valve 59 is in anopen position the dog 61 will be disposed in a position confronting thenotch 54 and will be moved thereinto by means of the spring 10 so thatthe valve 59 will thus be held in an open position until the float 41 islowered.

When substantially all of the fuel in the heating member 23 has beendischarged through the pipe 4| into the auxiliary thermal tank 33 thepin 1| carried by the lever 49 will strike the arm 59 carried by the dog61 and swing this dog to a released position, permitting the valve 59 togravi tatingly drop to a closed position. The fuel in the tank 33 mayfreely flow to the carburetor I5. If desired the hot exhaust gases fromthe engine E may be made to circulate about the heating member 23 and/orthe auxiliary thermal tank 33, so that after the .engine E has beenstarted the heating element 3lsrnay be cut 01!.

With a structure or this kind the cheaper and heavier fuel, such askerosene or the like may be used to run the engine, and this fuel may beused during the entire engine operation.

It is, of course, understood that various changes and modifications maybe made in the details of construction of this invention, such changesand modifications being dependent onlyupon the scope of the appendedclaims.

What is claimed is:

1. An internal combustion engine fuel delivery means, comprising areceptacle, means delivering fuel to said receptacle, an outlet pipeconnected to the bottom of said receptacle, a gravity closing valve insaid receptacle associated with said connecting means, a second valve insaid receptacle associated with said delivering means, a float in saidreceptacle, a rock lever secured at one end to said float, meansrockably mounting said lever at the opposite end thereof in saidreceptacle, a linkage connecting said lever with said second valve, astem secured to said first valve, said stem having a notch thereinadjacent the upper end thereof, and a dog carried by said leverengageable in said notch whereby to lift said first valve to openposition upon upward movement of said float.

2. An internal combustion engine, fuel delivery means, comprising areceptacle, means delivering fuel to said receptacle, an outlet pipeconnecting to the bottom of said receptacle, a gravity closing valve insaid receptacle associated with said outlet pipe, a second valve in saidreceptacle associated with said delivering means, a float in saidreceptacle, a rock lever secured at one end to said float, meansengaging the opposite end of said lever rockably mounting said lever insaid receptacle, a linkage connecting said lever with said second valve,a stem secured to said first valve, said stem having a notch thereinadjacent the upper end thereof, a dog carried by said lever engageablein said notch whereby to lift said first valve to open position whensaid float reaches an uppermost position, means for maintaining saidfirst valve in open position, and means carried by said lever and saidlatter means for releasing said latter means when said float reaches alowermost position, said first valve upon release of said latter meansgravitatingly moving downwardly to closed position. i

3. A liquid fuel delivery means comprising a receptacle, heating meansengaging about the exterior of said receptacle, means delivering fuel tosaid receptacle, an outlet pipe connected to the bottom of saidreceptacle, a gravity closing valve in said receptacle associated withsaid outlet pipe, a second valve in said receptacle associated with saiddelivering means, a float in said receptacle, a rock lever secured atone end to said float, means engaging the opposite end of said leverrockably mounting said lever in said receptacle, a linkage connectingsaid lever with said second valve, a stem secured to said first valve,said stem having an upper and a lower notch therein; a dog carried bysaid lever engageable with one of said notches whereby to lift saidfirst valve to open position,'a second dog rockably carried by saidreceptacle and engageable in the other of said notches when said firstvalve is an an uppermost position to thereby hold said first valve inopen position, and means carried by said lever and said second dogwhereby to rock said second dog to disengaged position relative to saidsecond notch whereby said first valve may gravitatingly move downwardlyto closed position.

4. A liquid fuel delivering means, comprising a receptacle, meansdelivering fuel to said receptacle, an outlet pipe connected to thebottom of said receptacle, a gravity closing valve in said receptacleassociated with said outlet pipe, a second valve in said receptacleassociated with said delivering means, a float in said receptacle, arock lever secured at one end to said fioat, means engaging the oppositeend of said lever rockably mounting said lever in said receptacle, alinkage connecting said lever with said second valve, a stem secured tosaid first valve, said stem having an upper and a lower notch therein, adog carried by said lever engageable with said upper notch whereby tolift said first valve to open position upon upward movement of saidlever, a second dog, means rockably mounting said second dog in aposition for engagement in said lower notch for holding said first valvein an uppermost open position, an arm carried by said second dog, and alaterally projecting part carried by said lever engageable with said armupon downward movement of said lever to thereby rock said second dog toreleased position, said first valve gravitatingly moving downwardly toclosed position upon rocking of said second dog to released position.

5. An internal combustion engine fuel delivery means, comprising aliquid heating member, means delivering fuel to said member, a heatinsulated receptable disposed below said member, a pipe connecting saidreceptacle with said member, a valve in said member connected with saidfuel delivery means, a second valve in said member connected with saidpipe, a fioat in said member, a rock lever in said member connected tosaid float, means carried by said lever engageable with said secondvalve for moving the latter to an open position upon upward movement ofsaid float, means holding said second valve in open position during thedownward movement of said float, means carried by said lever engageablewith said holding means for releasing said second valve for gravitatingmovement to closed position when said float is in a lower position, anda linkage connecting said lever with said first valve for shifting saidfirst valve to an open position when said float is in a lower positionand for shifting said first valve to a closed position when said floatis in an uppermost position.

SIMAAN GEORGE WARWAR.

